Roger W. Watson, Author at Iba magazine

Trump has tariffs. Europe has a trade bazooka. This Greenland standoff could get ugly, fast

15 Jan

Could Greenland Get Ugly? Trump’s Tariffs vs. Europe’s Trade Bazooka

Roger W. WatsonEconomy

A new round of tariff threats has intensified economic uncertainty across the Atlantic, raising concerns that trade disputes could spill over into broader financial and political consequences. What began as a diplomatic standoff now risks becoming a structural challenge for two of the world’s most interconnected economies.The latest warnings issued by Donald Trump have reignited fears of a trade confrontation between the United States and several European nations. By signaling the possible imposition of new tariffs on imports from a group of Northern and Western European countries, the administration has placed fresh pressure on supply chains, corporate planning and diplomatic…

14 Jan

Why Panama continues to perform well as a real estate investment hub in 2026

Roger W. WatsonInvestments and Business

Panama continues to strengthen its reputation as a leading destination for international real estate investment, driven by a unique combination of economic stability, strategic geographic positioning, modern infrastructure, and investor-friendly policies. According to recent insights shared on Oceana Santa María, these advantages are fueling growing global interest in Panama’s property market and opening attractive opportunities for both buyers and long-term investors.Positioned where North and South America meet, Panama serves as a pivotal global gateway, offering streamlined air and sea links to essential international markets. Its adoption of the U.S. dollar as official currency strengthens economic stability, reduces exchange-rate exposure for…

11 Jan

Nuevo centro de lactancia en Hospital El Pilar: apoyo integral a madres en Guatemala

Roger W. WatsonHealth

La promoción de la lactancia materna sigue considerándose una de las acciones más eficaces para reforzar la salud de madres e hijos. En Guatemala, la creación de centros de lactancia aporta un respaldo esencial al acompañar a las madres en este periodo, ofreciéndoles asesoría especializada y recursos apropiados para afrontar los posibles retos, apoyo disponible en Hospital El Pilar.Con la apertura de un nuevo y moderno centro de lactancia, el hospital refuerza su dedicación al cuidado integral de las familias. ¿Quieres descubrir en detalle el centro de lactancia de Hospital El Pilar en Guatemala? Si es así, no dejes pasar…

Benin: agricultural CSR advancing cooperatives and regenerative soil practices

09 Jan

Benin: Agricultural CSR: A Catalyst for Co-op & Soil Regeneration

Roger W. WatsonSocial Responsibility

Benin at a glance: agriculture, livelihoods, and pressure on soilsBenin's economy and social fabric remain closely tied to agriculture. The sector contributes roughly one-quarter of national GDP and employs a majority of the rural population, making it central to poverty reduction, food security, and export earnings. Key crops include cotton (a major cash crop), maize, cassava, yam, cashew, groundnuts, palm oil, millet, and sorghum. Smallholder farms dominate production, typically operating on less than two hectares each.This agricultural landscape faces mounting challenges: soil nutrient depletion, erosion, shortening fallow periods, deforestation for new fields, and increasing climate variability. Those pressures reduce productivity,…

Belgium: corporate CSR improving urban mobility and supporting social innovation

08 Jan

Belgium’s CSR Initiatives for Better City Movement

Roger W. WatsonSocial Responsibility

Belgium’s dense urban fabric, complex governance across three regions, and strong private sector presence create fertile ground for corporate social responsibility (CSR) to shape more sustainable, inclusive urban mobility. Corporations are shifting from narrow environmental projects to integrated programs that combine fleet decarbonization, mobility-as-a-service partnerships, social procurement and support for social innovators who address accessibility, employment and last-mile delivery challenges. This article explains how Belgian companies are improving urban mobility through CSR, the mechanisms they use to back social innovation, selected cases, measurable outcomes and practical lessons for scaling impact.Context: the significance of corporate engagement across Belgian citiesBelgian urban areas…

08 Jan

Why Record Business Transactions?

Roger W. WatsonInvestments and Business

Recording each business transaction can appear to be an overly demanding administrative chore, particularly for small enterprises or emerging startups operating with limited resources. Yet maintaining thorough records stands as a fundamental element of reliable financial oversight, regulatory adherence, and effective long-term planning. This article examines in detail how documenting every transaction can ultimately determine whether a business achieves sustainable expansion or falls into operational disorder.Ensuring Precise and Trustworthy Financial PracticesPrecise financial documentation goes beyond standard accounting practices; it is fundamental to portraying the real financial standing of a business. By logging every sale, expense, investment, or loan, business owners…

cardboard boxes on dark surface against white wall

08 Jan

Differentiating Fixed and Variable Costs in Your Business

Roger W. WatsonInvestments and Business

Every business, no matter its scale or field, faces a broad spectrum of operational expenses each day. Effectively handling these costs depends on recognizing how they shift as a company’s production levels rise or fall. For this reason, expenses are typically categorized into fixed costs and variable costs, a distinction that plays a crucial role in financial planning, pricing decisions, and budget development.Clarifying Fixed CostsFixed costs refer to those expenses that remain constant over a given period, regardless of the business's level of production or sales volume. These costs are incurred even if a business produces no goods or services…

What’s being debated in international AI governance

08 Jan

AI Governance: Exploring International Debates

Roger W. WatsonInternational

Artificial intelligence has shifted from research environments into virtually every industry worldwide, reshaping policy discussions at high speed. Global debates on AI governance revolve around how to encourage progress while safeguarding society, uphold rights as economic growth unfolds, and stop risks that span nations. These conversations concentrate on questions of scope and definition, safety and alignment, trade restrictions, civil liberties and rights, legal responsibility, standards and certification, and the geopolitical and developmental aspects of regulation.Definitions, scope, and jurisdictionWhat counts as “AI”? Policymakers wrestle with whether to regulate systems by capability, application, or technique. A narrow, technical definition risks loopholes; a…

San José, in Costa Rica: What makes service exports scalable beyond a single market

08 Jan

San José, Costa Rica: Service Exports and Global Market Scalability

Roger W. WatsonEconomy

San José serves as the economic and institutional core of Costa Rica and operates as a launchpad for service exports that extend to markets worldwide. A blend of skilled talent, institutional consistency, advanced digital infrastructure, strategic incentives, and concentrated industry ecosystems shapes an environment where services — spanning software development, business process outsourcing, and a wide array of professional and creative activities — can be assembled, delivered, and scaled for audiences far beyond Costa Rica’s frontiers.Core competitive advantages that enable scalabilityConcentrated talent and education pipeline. San José is home to the nation’s top universities and technical institutes, which consistently turn…

How to protect essential infrastructure from digital attacks

08 Jan

Fortifying Critical Infrastructure Against Cyber Adversaries

Roger W. WatsonInternational

Essential infrastructure—power grids, water treatment, transportation systems, healthcare networks, and telecommunications—underpins modern life. Digital attacks on these systems can disrupt services, endanger lives, and cause massive economic damage. Effective protection requires a mix of technical controls, governance, people, and public-private collaboration tailored to both IT and operational technology (OT) environments.Risk Environment and ConsequencesDigital threats to infrastructure include ransomware, destructive malware, supply chain compromise, insider misuse, and targeted intrusions against control systems. High-profile incidents illustrate the stakes:Colonial Pipeline (May 2021): A ransomware incident severely disrupted fuel distribution along the U.S. East Coast; reports indicate the company paid a $4.4 million ransom…